ASTM A106
ASTM A106: Specifications | Grades & Standards | Equivalent Grades | Chemical Composition | Mechanical Properties | Dimensional Tolerance | FAQ
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Operations are carried out under strict quality control systems compliant with ASTM, ASME, DIN, EN, and ISO standards, guaranteeing consistent performance of A106 seamless carbon steel pipes under high-pressure and high-temperature service conditions.
ASTM A106 Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe is a specification covering seamless carbon steel pipes suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure applications in refineries, power plants, petrochemical plants, and boilers. The specification includes Grades A, B, and C, with Grade B being the most widely used for moderate to high-temperature service. These pipes are manufactured through hot-finished or cold-drawn processes, ensuring uniform wall thickness, superior mechanical strength, and excellent dimensional accuracy.
A106 pipes conform to ASME SA106 standards and are designed for welding, bending, flanging, and forming operations. They exhibit outstanding tensile strength, yield strength, and hardness, maintaining stability under elevated temperatures and corrosive environments. The material composition primarily includes carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon, ensuring optimum performance in steam lines, process piping, and pressure vessels.
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ASTM A106 Grade B Seamless Pipe Specifications
ASTM A106 Gr C Seamless Pipe – Grades & Standards
| Carbon Steel Grade | UNS No. | Applicable Standards | Typical Products |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASTM A106 Gr A | K03504 | ASTM A106, ASME B36.10M, ASME B31.3, ASME B16.5, ASME B16.9, ASME B16.11, MSS-SP-75, MSS-SP-83 |
Seamless Pipes |
| ASTM A106 Gr B | K03006 | ASTM A106, ASME SA106, ASME B36.10M, ASME B31.3, ASME B16.5, ASME B16.9, ASME B16.11, MSS-SP-75, MSS-SP-83 |
Seamless Pipes |
| ASTM A106 Gr C | K02500 | ASTM A106, ASME SA106, ASME B36.10M, ASME B31.3, ASME B16.5, ASME B16.9, ASME B16.11, MSS-SP-75, MSS-SP-83 |
Seamless Pipes |
ASTM A106 Gr B Hot Rolled Seamless Pipe Equivalent Grades
| ASTM Grade | UNS No. | ASME Equivalent | EN (DIN) Equivalent | JIS Equivalent | BS Equivalent | GOST / Russian Equivalent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASTM A106 Gr A | K03504 | ASME SA106 Gr A | P235GH (1.0345) | STPT370 (JIS G3456) | 3602 Grade 360 | 20 (GOST 8732-78) |
| ASTM A106 Gr B | K03006 | ASME SA106 Gr B | P265GH (1.0405) / 16Mo3 (1.5415) |
STPT410 (JIS G3456) | 3602 Grade 620-460 | 20 / 20K (GOST 8732-78) |
| ASTM A106 Gr C | K02500 | ASME SA106 Gr C | P295GH (1.0481) | STPT480 (JIS G3456) | 3602 Grade 430 | 22 (GOST 8732-78) |
ASTM A106 Seamless Pipe for Boiler, Heat Exchanger & Pressure Piping - Chemical Composition
| Grade | C (%) | Mn (%) | P (%) | S (%) | Si (%) | Cu (%) | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade A | 0.25 max | 0.29–0.60 | 0.035 max | 0.035 max | 0.10–0.35 | 0.40 max | – |
| Grade B | 0.30 max | 0.29–0.60 | 0.035 max | 0.035 max | 0.10–0.35 | 0.40 max | – |
| Grade C | 0.35 max | 0.29–0.60 | 0.035 max | 0.035 max | 0.10–0.35 | 0.40 max | – |
ASTM A106 Carbon Steel Pipe - Mechanical Properties
| Grade | Minimum Yield Strength (MPa / psi) | Minimum Tensile Strength (MPa / psi) | Elongation (%) | Hardness (HB) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade A | 205 MPa / 30,000 psi | 330 MPa / 48,000 psi | 30% | 110 max |
| Grade B | 240 MPa / 35,000 psi | 415 MPa / 60,000 psi | 30% | 130 max |
| Grade C | 260 MPa / 38,000 psi | 415 MPa / 60,000 psi | 25% | 150 max |
Carbon Steel A106 Pipe - Dimensional Tolerance
| Nominal Pipe Size (NPS / DN) | Outside Diameter (OD) Tolerance | Wall Thickness Tolerance | Length Tolerance | Straightness Tolerance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1/8” – 1/2” (DN6 – DN15) | ±1.0% | -12.5% min / +12.5% max | ±3 mm | 1/8” in 10 ft |
| 3/4” – 4” (DN20 – DN100) | ±0.75% | -12.5% min / +12.5% max | ±5 mm | 1/8” in 10 ft |
| 5” – 12” (DN125 – DN300) | ±0.5% | -12.5% min / +12.5% max | ±6 mm | 1/8” in 10 ft |
| 14” – 24” (DN350 – DN600) | ±0.5% | -12.5% min / +12.5% max | ±8 mm | 1/8” in 10 ft |
| 26” – 48” (DN650 – DN1200) | ±0.5% | -12.5% min / +12.5% max | ±10 mm | 1/8” in 10 ft |
What is the difference between ASTM A106 and ASTM A53 pipes?
ASTM A106 is intended for seamless carbon steel pipes used in high-temperature and pressure applications, whereas ASTM A53 covers both seamless and welded carbon steel pipes for general service.
Key Differences:
Manufacturing Process:
A106 → Seamless only (hot-finished or cold-drawn).
A53 → Seamless or ERW (Electric Resistance Welded).
Service Conditions:
A106 → Designed for elevated temperature and pressure.
A53 → Designed for ambient temperature, low pressure.
Chemical Composition:
A106 has tighter control on carbon and manganese, providing better high-temperature strength.
Mechanical Properties:
A106 has higher tensile and yield strength than A53.
Application:
A106 → Boilers, refineries, power plants.
A53 → Structural, mechanical, and low-pressure lines.
What is ASME SA106 Pipe and how is it related to ASTM A106?
ASME SA106 and ASTM A106 are technically identical specifications for seamless carbon steel pipes.
The prefix “SA” indicates the ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) version of the ASTM standard, primarily used in pressure vessel and boiler construction under the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
Both standards cover Grades A, B, and C, suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure service.
SA106 pipes are typically required when the piping component is part of a code-stamped pressure system, while A106 applies to general industrial use.
Both ensure strict control of chemical composition, mechanical strength, and non-destructive testing (NDT) to meet performance standards in steam lines, power generation, and oil & gas pipelines.
What is the difference between ASTM A106 Grades A, B, and C?
| Feature | Grade A | Grade B | Grade C |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon Content | Lowest | Medium | Highest |
| Tensile Strength | Low | Medium | High |
| Yield Strength | Low | Medium | High |
| Ductility | High | High | Medium |
| Typical Applications | Low-pressure steam lines, structural piping |
Boilers, refineries, process piping |
High-temp, high-pressure service |
| Weldability | Excellent | Excellent | Good (requires preheating) |